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Our study investigates the reasons behind positive attitudes towards welfare institutions that do not serve the narrow self interests of their supporters. We focus our attention on the role of fairness principles. We intend to shed some light on the connections between social structure, fairness norms and preferences for welfare institutions. According to our main proposition, the intensity of primordial relationships affects the preferences for welfare institutions in a somewhat controversial way: As a result of the increased importance of equality, members of more cohesive kinship-networks tend to give more support for various kinds of welfare benefits. On the other hand, more intensive primordial relationships might foster the ignorance of those social problems that do not affect directly the individual's social environment. We carried out empirical surveys for testing our hypotheses. The empirical evidence provided by those sample-surveys does not falsify the theory.